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The passing of Manmohan Singh marks the end of an era in Indian politics and economics. This opinion piece argues that his contributions to India's transformation are often overshadowed by contemporary political critiques. The author, Shashi Tharoor, contends that a balanced assessment reveals a leader who not only spearheaded groundbreaking economic liberalization but also navigated India through significant global challenges with remarkable skill and integrity. His legacy, far from being one of 'policy paralysis' as some critics alleged, is one of profound and lasting impact on India's trajectory.
Tharoor highlights Singh's pivotal role in liberalizing India's economy in 1991. This involved dismantling the restrictive 'licence-permit-quota Raj', which had stifled economic growth for decades. The results were transformative, shifting India from a sluggish growth rate of under 3% to a robust 8% or more in subsequent years. This period saw the emergence of a dynamic and globally integrated Indian economy, a vibrant entrepreneurial culture, and a significant reduction in poverty. The author emphasizes that Singh's contributions were instrumental in fostering this extraordinary transformation, contrasting the India of 1991 – inefficient, centrally planned, and burdened by bureaucratic control – with the thriving, entrepreneurial nation it became. The author makes a powerful case that Singh's actions laid the foundation for India's global economic success.
The article also addresses the criticisms leveled against Singh, acknowledging the accusations of indecision, pusillanimity, and policy paralysis. It acknowledges the allegations of corruption during his tenure, noting that while corruption certainly existed, it was a systemic issue within India rather than solely a consequence of his leadership. Tharoor highlights the robustness of India's democratic institutions, including an independent judiciary, media, and civil society, which functioned despite the government. This robust oversight, he argues, itself demonstrates the strength of India's democracy and should not be mistaken as an indictment of Singh's leadership. He suggests that much of the negative perception stemmed from irresponsible political opposition rather than objective assessment of his governance.
Beyond economic reforms, Tharoor points to several significant achievements under Singh's premiership. These include the significant reduction in poverty (10 million people lifted out of poverty annually), the expansion of financial inclusion (opening millions of bank accounts), and the implementation of vital social programs such as the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme. The introduction of Aadhaar, a digital identity scheme, is highlighted as a foundation for India's subsequent technological advancements. Furthermore, the author credits Singh with introducing various initiatives, some immediately successful (like post-office savings banks and direct benefits transfers) and others hampered by political opposition (such as the Goods and Services Tax and simplified direct taxation). These examples demonstrate Singh's proactive approach to tackling India's challenges.
Tharoor further elaborates on Singh's foreign policy, termed the 'Manmohan Doctrine.' This approach prioritized pragmatic engagement with nations beneficial to India's domestic transformation. Focusing on economic partnerships, energy security, and food security, Singh eschewed grandstanding in favor of concrete agreements. This approach demonstrates a strategic focus on leveraging international relations for the betterment of the Indian population rather than pursuing mere political posturing. The author argues that this pragmatic approach contrasts sharply with the more outwardly assertive styles frequently adopted by other world leaders, resulting in more substantial achievements than superficial political engagement.
The author concludes with a strong assertion that a more balanced portrayal of Singh's legacy is needed. He argues against a simplistic narrative portraying him as an accidental prime minister heading an ineffective and corrupt government. Instead, Tharoor emphasizes the profound impact of Singh's leadership on India's transformation into a globally significant economic power. He concludes by emphasizing Singh's integrity, incorruptibility, and simple decency, qualities that earned him respect both domestically and internationally. The overall tone is one of profound respect for a leader who, despite facing criticism, fundamentally altered the course of India’s history.
In essence, the article serves as a powerful counter-narrative to common criticisms of Manmohan Singh. It meticulously outlines his achievements in economic reform, crisis management, and social welfare, while acknowledging the challenges and criticisms that have shadowed his legacy. The author convincingly argues that a full understanding of Manmohan Singh's contribution to India requires moving beyond simplistic narratives and acknowledging the far-reaching and enduring impact of his leadership.
Source: Opinion | Manmohan Singh, Who Brought The India Story To World Stage