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The name of Ravenshaw University, one of India's oldest institutions located in Odisha, has become a point of contention following Union Minister Dharmendra Pradhan's suggestion to rename the 156-year-old university. The university's name is a tribute to Thomas Edward Ravenshaw, a British administrator during the colonial era who played a pivotal role in its establishment. Pradhan's suggestion has sparked a debate about the historical context of the university's name, prompting discussions about the legacy of colonialism and the need to embrace a more indigenous identity in modern India.
Thomas Edward Ravenshaw, born in 1838, was the Commissioner of the Orissa Division from 1865 to 1878. His dedication to education led him to champion the establishment of various educational institutions in the region, including Ravenshaw College, considered his most significant contribution. Ravenshaw recognized the urgent need for improved education following the devastating 1866 famine in Odisha, which claimed the lives of millions. His efforts to promote education among Odia students and secure support from local administrators were crucial in advancing higher education in the region.
The foundation of Ravenshaw College in 1868 marked a significant milestone in Odisha's educational landscape. Initially established as a small school, it was elevated to a full-fledged first-grade college in 1876. In recognition of Ravenshaw's contributions, the institution was renamed Ravenshaw College, a testament to his impact on higher education in Odisha. Ravenshaw also played a vital role in creating departments for various subjects within the college, further enriching its academic offerings.
Beyond his work in higher education, Ravenshaw was a strong advocate for women's education in Odisha. He observed the prevailing reluctance to send daughters to school and initiated a program to address this issue. His efforts resulted in the establishment of the Cuttack Girl's School, which later became Ravenshaw Hindu Girl's School, signifying a crucial step towards expanding educational opportunities for girls in the region. Ravenshaw also collaborated with Dr. W.D. Stewart, the Civil Surgeon of Cuttack, to expand medical education in Odisha, highlighting his commitment to diverse educational fields.
Ravenshaw University boasts a distinguished list of alumni who have made significant contributions to various fields. Notable figures include Madhusudan Das, a lawyer and social reformer who played a pivotal role in the formation of Odisha as a separate state. Godabarish Misra, a political leader and social reformer, was instrumental in the Odia language movement. Pandit Gopabandhu Das, known for his contributions to education and social justice, was a freedom fighter, poet, and social reformer who played a key role in the Odia renaissance. Srimati Nandini Satpathy, the first woman Chief Minister of Odisha, is recognized for her work in women's empowerment and social justice. Sir Jadunath Sarkar, a renowned historian and scholar, is known for his influential works on Indian history and historiography.
Dharmendra Pradhan's suggestion to rename Ravenshaw University has generated a lively debate about the university's historical context and the relevance of its name in modern India. Pradhan argues that the name reflects a colonial legacy that may not align with contemporary values and aspirations. He believes that changing the university's name would be a step towards embracing a more indigenous identity. While Pradhan emphasizes the devastating Na Anka famine that occurred during Ravenshaw's tenure as Commissioner, others argue that Ravenshaw's contributions to education in Odisha far outweigh the negative impact of the famine. Former Odisha chief secretary Sahadeb Sahoo, an alumnus of the university, believes that Ravenshaw upheld Odia glory by establishing the institution at a time when the Odia language was struggling for recognition. Sahoo underscores Ravenshaw's efforts in promoting higher education and his positive impact on the Odia community.
Source: Who is Thomas Edward Ravenshaw, at centre of name-change debate in Odisha?